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2019йѧʮչŽ ̽

2020022712:21 | Դ-ƼƵ
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227յ磨ࣩ磬ѧ߼оչķ2019йѧʮչ̽⵽ʳ¶ij֤ݡʾṹװƵ10شѧչѡ

10شѧչֱΪ̽⵽ʳ¶ij֤ݡܳ˹ͨܵ칹оƬDNAøص߼Ʒƽˮ¹õĵ׽ṹ͹ܡڲϻ򹤳Ƴ¿Ӷѿ̫ܵĻظԭֵˡʵֶյģ͵Ǽ顢ʾṹװơ״ι۲⵽άӻЧӦ

2019йѧʮչ

1 ̽⵽ʳ¶ij֤

¿Ǻ᣶ݻ׶γɵģײ̲ڵҽ󣬽ĸƵбʯϸγ¿ǣʯ͸ƻʯȽصþʿᾧ³γᣡȻӰޣApolloLuna̽񷵻صƷûз׼ȷйصֱ֤ݣɵûбܺõ֤ʵֱdzײпܴ͸¿ǣʹʱھܱ̽⼰ȡλϼؿأSPAֱԼΪ2500ϡײ죬пײ¿ǡȻõңݱȻSPAþʿﺬƫߣûʯ㷺¶֤ݡЩǷԴ᣻顣

й϶ĺ̽ɹ½SPAķ롤ײڣôص򳵡2ſչѲ̽⡣йѧԺ̨оߣ2õĿɼͽǣVNISij̽˵͸ƣбʯʯĴڣֿϺܴܿԴᣵʡһĵʱЩɸֱ72ķɭײھ䵽϶ĺ½صʡһڽʾᣵɣ ΪҽоṩµԼ˶ڲγɼݻʶ2š̽롤ײӵײЩʣ˽ǵĵʱԴɣΪδչƷṩݡ

϶ĺ½صʵķɭ

2 ܳ˹ͨܵ칹оƬ

չ˹ͨܣAGIķһ֣ԼѧΪ񾭿ѧΪ򣬽߽ĿǰϵѷչAGI·ǵĹͱ뷽ŸIJַͬڽȻͬһݵļƽ̨dzѹһ߼ɵļƽ̨Ӷ谭AGIķչˣչһܹͬʱ֧еĻڼѧ˹񾭿ѧģͺ㷨ͨƽ̨dzҪ

廪ѧʩ·ƽоһоƬܹЧַṩһ칹ɵЭͬƽ̨оƬö˽ṹعĻϱ뷽ͬʱֻ֧ڼѧĻѧϰ㷨񾭿ѧ㷨Լ񾭿ѧеĶֱ뷽֧ߵ칹ϽģṩµĽоԱʹһоƬʾ˼ʻгϵͳͨ㷨ģ͵ͬʵʵʱĿ⡢١ơϡϺƽơоΪͨõӲƽ̨չƽ·ƶAGIķչ

ĿƵ칹оƬ

3 DNAøص߼Ʒ

ǧȾص²ʽҲǧ򻯣䲻ڵǣʱŴʻ᲻ɱر뵽ϸСЩԴŴʣDNAȣѸӦϧ˼ΪۣDzȾ֢Ҫԭ򡣹ԴDNAշ߷Ӧʶ׷ݵϰ֮ǰȻ䱳Ļ2013꣬һȡҪͻƣѧҼֵcGASᣭϳøǰDNAcGASʾѧҷڼⲡ⣬cGAS쳣Ҳֱӵһ߼ˣѰЧcGASԵֶβ̽ػԵֿȾ߼ƶҪ

ҽѧоԺҽѧģѧо߷֣ǿcGASԵĹؼ¼ʾ䱳ĵعɡоԱcGAS3ؼλ㣨K384K394K414κһλ㷢ΣʹcGASʧȥԡо߷ˮᣨ˾ƥ֣ǿcGASؼλϷӶԡ⣬cGASػƵĽһ֣̽cGASڰԸʽڲӹܵġоԱõ׼cGASĹؼӡG3BP1оʾG3BP1cGASϣͨcGASγɶȷܸЧʶDNAȱʧG3BP1£ϸcGASĻԽ͡Ҫǣ̲ӵҪɷ֡ȻСӻEGCGG3BP1ƼоԱEGCGܹͨG3BP1cGAS໥ãcGASоʾ˻忹ȾĹؼػƣЧcGASƼΪAGSۺ߼ṩDZƲԡ

cGASṹ3ؼλ

4 ƽˮ¹õĵ׽ṹ͹

̫Ѷ̼ˮתлΪϼṩԴΪӦͬĹ⻷˸ֲͬɫطӺɫؽϵףɴ̶ȵòͬµĹܡһַḻҪˮռˮԭл40ԭ20ȫ̼ѭзҪáˮ³ɹֳҪ֮һΪأҶؽĤףFCPsɫصʹжصĹⲶ͹ⱣӦǿȱ仯

йѧԺֲоʡ͢о鱨˺塪ǺָFCPĸ߷ֱʾṹʾ˵֧ڵ7Ҷa2Ҷc7Լܵ1صϸλ㣬ӶʾҶac֮ĸЧ;ýṹʾҶ֮Ľ໥ãʹͨظЧشݺʹ𡣸оŶӽһ廪ѧѧѧԺɭо˹ĹϵͳII PSIIFCPIIķֱΪ3.0䶳羵ṹóPSIIFCPIIɣÿ124ǻPSIIĸ11FCPIIǻеFCPII2FCPIIľ3FCPIIڡPSIIFCPII230Ҷaӡ58Ҷcӡ146ܲطԼ̴ظӴʹ֬ӵȡýṹʾ˹PSIIǻص㼰ߵֲPSIILHCIIԲͬǻзʽԼ޴ɫطֲ磬ΪЧ̹Ⲷתƺͺɢṩ˼ʵĽṹ

Ϊ˸һˮ¹ãоԱ䶳羵˹㷺ڵߵֲƹõˮ壨ٸ壩ϵͳIPSI⸴ILHCIĽṹֱʴﵽ3.49ýṹʾ˰ԭǻԵ13PSIǻԼ10LHCIǻĽṹ8γһ˫뻷ṹ2γһLHCI壩㽭ѧҽѧԺо塪C2S2M2N2PSIICLHCII䶳羵ṹֱΪ3.37ýṹʾC2S2M2N2ͳһ壬ÿλPSIIĸͻƸúĵ3LHCII塢1CP261CP29Χǻɡùʾ˶ߵֲﲻͬPSIIĺͲLHCIIĽṹоΪʾйܵĸЧաݺṩ˼ʵĽṹΪʾPSICLHCIPSIILHCIIӸڽзı仯ṩҪ

оչƽ˹塢Ĥ׳ӽṹ͹֮գԽʾȻõĹܸЧתҪ壬ҲΪ˹ģáָֲܻ﹤ṩ˼·²ԡ

岶߸徧ṹ

ĹϵͳIIͲ߳Ľṹ

5 ڲϻ򹤳Ƴ¿

жصԭӽṹʹӵĻеѧԣԴͨš졢ȸ߼й㷺ӦãִϽϵҪɲ֡ڽڽӽת¶ʱᷢ»еǿͣǵĸӦáȻĿǰѿת¶ȴ1000 KĽҺڲת¶Ⱥͽᾧ¶֮¶䣩խ䲣γ㣬γɴߴϣҵܳܺܲԽ㲿ӹսĹؼڽγɳɷֵĺƣΪֵֹľضܵĽҪǷͳԵĽ

йѧԺоӻо߻ڲϻ򹤳˾иЧԡԡƹصĸͨʵ鷽һIrNiTaBϽϵ˸¿䲣ת¶ȸߴ1162 KƵĽڸ¾мǿȣ1000 Kʱǿȸߴ3.7ǧԶԶǰĿʹͳĸºϽ𡣸ýĹҺ136 KڴǰĴγɴﵽ3ףʹͨܳλڸ»ӻӦõС߶Ȳоĸͨʵ鷽кǿʵԣ߸˽60ʽIJзģʽ֤ʵ˲ϻ򹤳²зеЧԺ͸ЧʣΪ²ϸЧ̽⿪µ;ҲΪ͸¡ܺϽϵṩµ˼·

ڲϻ򹤳Ƶĸ¿

6 Ӷѿ̫ܵĻ

ѿ̫ܵǹܹעһ乤ȶĿǰҵҪϰͳоҪͨŻװԺ˵Чˮֺصµ½ӶȶԡȻҪһҪչһֳЧķʹ۹вϵıȱݡ

Ϊ߱ȶԣѧѧԺܻƼо顢ѧӹѧԺϴо鼰ͨڸѿԲӶԣEu3Eu2Ϊԭ󡱣ͬʱPb0I0ȱݣʹȤǣӶʹùûģӦЧߴﵽ21.52ֵ֤Ϊ20.52ûԵijͬʱӶԵıĤֳȶԺ͹ȶԣ̫ջ85oC1000СʱԿɷֱ𱣳ԭЧʵ9189ʵ500Сʱ󱣳ԭЧʵ91÷Ǧ±ѿ̫ܵȶԵһҪıأƹѿ޻뵼Ҳвο塣

Ӷԭ

ѿ̫ܵصĽṹAʵB

7 ظԭֵ

һ֧Ѿʧع࣬ȥǵ˽Ҫڽǵ߶ʯƬԼеĸĹŻϢŴѧоʾ˶һЩִͺζȺ͸ߺִȺлףִȺĸߺλӦҪ塣ȱʯ̬ѧϢѧҺɢ޺ķḻĹ໯ʯ֮ϵҲ׼ȷⵤִȺĹϵ⣬ִظԭȺеĸߺλӦԴرǷ̳Ե˵ȣǷdzҪؽĿѧ⡣

йѧԺظԭо·о顢ݴѧŶоϵ¹ѧѧоJeanJacques HublinоȺߣһùŵʷΪ˵ǣйʡĺصİʯܶоԱͨԻʯϸŵ̼ν˽ϵ꣬ȷ16ʷûʯ걾ǵ߶ֵⷢ׼˻ʯ֤ݣԱ걾ȫҲΪоṩ˷ḻ̬ѧϢ̬Ϣоִ˵֮ǰиھѾظԭߺεɹӦ˸ߺȱ

ĺǻʯ

8 ʵֶյģ͵Ǽ

ѧ͹ִѧ֧Ȼκͼѧ͹۽ںϵ۹ѡĿǰںѧ۵ۣģڶ࣬ձȱʵ顣

йѧѧ˽ΰͬ־ƵߣáīӺšӿѧʵǣڹ̫пչյӾɵʵ飬ԴԽӾвԡݡ¼ʽģԤԣӶڵеĴԻԵʧеѧۣоӶԽ־ԡգʵ֧֡¼ʽģ͵Ԥ⣬׼һ¡ǹ״ڵжԳںѧ۵۽ʵ飬ƶѧۺʵо

ʵֶյģ͵Ǽ

9 ʾṹװ

ASFVһ޴ӵDNAܹҰԡԡ߶ȴȾԼʺʿɸߴ100ֳҵɾ޴󾭼ʧĿǰδпõ硣

йѧԺоӺͣϲŶӺйũҵѧԺҽо־ŶϺƼѧȵλϺƼѧ䶳羵ռ˸ݣһŻͼعԣ˷¿ǵάṹֱʴﵽ4.1¿ǿ;޴ҽṹӣ17280ǻɣа1Ҫp724ִμ¿ǵףM1249Lp17p49H240RװضԳضԳĸϽṹҪ¿ǵp72ԭӷֱʽṹչʾDZڵĹͿԭλĺ˰ʴDNANCLDVͬμ¿ǵ¿ڱγһӵĵ໥磬ͨڵIJ΢֮鵼¿ǵװȶ¿ǵĽṹΪĵ֯ߣ100׳M1249LضԳÿԵŽڵضԳ壬¿ǵγķӼ磬¿ǿܵγɡЩṹϸڽʾ¿ȶԺװķӻԷзʮҪָ塣

¿ǵ׽ṹװ

10 ״ι۲⵽άӻЧӦ

ڶάϵзӻЧӦʹѧ̬ѧз˺á30ǰBertrand Halperin˴ԤԿάϵвӻЧӦΪֹûдʵϹ۲⵽άӻЧӦ

ϷƼѧѧϵԴо顢йѧѧѧϵо鼰¼¿ƼƴѧԶȺڿڻﯣZrTe5״ʵʵˡάӻЧӦоԱڻ嵥˴ųµĵµ˲һԵ͵Ĵų´ﵽ˼Ӽ״ֻ̬ʵܼռݵģڸ״̬£оԱ۲⵽һӽ޺ɢ裬ŴųγһڰײĺܺõĻƽ̨ЩάЧӦֵȷ־۷ЧӦԴڼӼµӹǿĵܶȲķʧȡͨһߴųǿȣͻ趼ӣֳԵ䡣оչṩάӻЧӦʵ֤ݣṩһһ̽άϵ༰ĺǰƽ̨

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